乔治·戈登·拜伦 George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron,是英国19世纪初期伟大的浪漫主义诗人。他的诗作被世人赞誉为“抒情史诗”,他的长诗《英国诗人和苏格兰评论家》揭开了积极浪漫主义对抗消极浪漫主义的序幕,而《东方叙事诗》中具有他本人思想性格特征的叛逆者,被称作“拜伦式英雄”,对后世也具有深远影响。
下面我们就以拜伦的经典代表作When we two parted为例来分析他的浪漫主义写作风格
When we two parted
In silence and tears,
Half broken-hearted
To sever for years,
Pale grew thy cheek and cold,
Colder thy kiss;
Truly that hour foretold
Sorrow to this!
The dew of the morning
Sunk chill on my brow-
It felt like the warning
Of what I feel now.
Thy vows are all broken,
And light is thy fame:
I hear thy name spoken,
And share in its shame.
They name thee before me,
A knell to mine ear;
A shudder comes o'er me-
Why wert thou so dear?
They know not I knew thee
Who knew thee too well:
long, long shall I rue thee,
Too deeply to tell.
In secret we met-
In silence I grieve,
That thy heart could forget,
Thy spirit deceive.
If I should meet thee
After ling year,
How should I greet thee?
With silence and tears.
译文:陈锡麟 译
《昔日依依别》
昔日依依别,
泪流默无言;
离恨肝肠断,
此别又几年。
冷颊何惨然,
一吻寒更添;
日后伤心事,
此刻已预言。
朝起寒露重,
凛冽凝眉间——
彼时已预告:
悲伤在今天。
山盟今安在?
汝名何轻贱!
吾闻汝名传,
羞愧在人前。
闻汝名声恶,
犹如听丧钟。
不禁心怵惕——
往昔情太浓。
谁知旧日情,
斯人知太深。
绵绵长怀恨,
尽在不言中,
昔日喜幽会,
今朝恨无声。
旧情汝已忘,
疾心遇薄幸。
多年离别后,
抑或再相逢,
相逢何所语?
泪流默无声。
这是拜伦早期的经典抒情诗之一,诗歌运用了抒情的手法,一共描写了3个场景:往日与“你”分别、今日撞见人们诋毁“你”以及多年后“与你”再次重逢。
诗篇一开始,两人分别时连亲吻都变得冰冷,悲伤之情油然而生;之后,“我”听到别人对“你”的诋毁,自己竟也觉得有些羞愧;接着,“我”想到将来两人重逢时,该是一幅怎样无言的场景?
就像诗歌最后两句所说的:假若他日相逢,我将何以贺你?以眼泪,以沉默。